A.4 Indicators
This method seeks to classify census tracts according to a typology of neighborhood change. This typology is determined using three indicators: vulnerability, demographic change, and the housing market.4 Vulnerability and demographic change are measured using US Census data, while the housing market is measured using King County Tax Assessor data.
A.4.1 Parcel Geoms
A.4.2 Parcel Metadata
Vulnerability
The concept of “vulnerability” has received considerable attention by social science researchers, policy experts, and the media; it has also been subject to some criticism.5
A tract is considered “vulnerable” if it exceeds the county subdivision value for any three of the four indicators:
- Greater than 40% of the population belong to communities of color
- Greater than 52% of households are renters
- Greater than 55% of the population 25 years and older do not have a bachelor’s degree
- Greater than 46% of households have incomes at or below 80% of the HUD-adjusted median family income (MFI)6
Race: People Belonging to Communities of Color
[[Descriptive text here]]
Seattle CCD
These maps show the share of the population that belongs to a community of color for each census tract in Seattle CCD.
COO Communities
Data: All Geographies
Education: Adults with Less than a Bachelor Degree
[[Descriptive text here]]
Seattle CCD
These maps show the share of the adults who’s highest education attainment is less than a bachelor degree for each census tract in Seattle CCD.
COO Communities
Data: All Geographies
Income: Household Earning 80% AMI or Less
[[Descriptive text here]]
Seattle CCD
These maps show the share of households earning less than 80% AMI for each census tract in Seattle CCD.
COO Communities
Data: All Geographies
Housing Tenure: Renters
[[Descriptive text here]]
Seattle CCD
These maps show the share of the population that lives in rented housing units for each census tract in Seattle CCD.
COO Communities
Data: All Geographies
Demographic Change
A tract is considered to have experienced gentrification-related “demographic change” during the observation period (2004-2015) if any two of the following four indicators exceed the values observed in the county subdivision:
- The white population share either increased or it decreased less than -4.7%
- The share of homeowners either increased more than 3.3%
- The share of the population 25 years and older with a bachelor’s degree increased more than 6.1%
- The share of household earning more than 80% AMI increased or it decreased less than -4.6%